“光(guang)伏并網(wang)(wang)實現可再生能源100%消納;智慧樓宇改(gai)造,均日用電(dian)(dian)(dian)量可減少(shao)20%—28%;用戶通過掌上(shang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)APP用能分(fen)析功能,一年能省好幾百元電(dian)(dian)(dian)費。”“光(guang)伏電(dian)(dian)(dian)站可以(yi)為充電(dian)(dian)(dian)樁提供便宜電(dian)(dian)(dian)。”“儲(chu)能電(dian)(dian)(dian)站保障供電(dian)(dian)(dian)可靠性。”這(zhe)是(shi)近日記者在“第十二屆上(shang)海國際電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)設備及技術(shu)展覽會”泛(fan)在電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)物聯網(wang)(wang)高峰(feng)論(lun)壇上(shang)聽到的(de)(de)案例分(fen)享。當(dang)前,無論(lun)是(shi)資本(ben)市場(chang),還是(shi)相(xiang)關企(qi)業都對(dui)泛(fan)在電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)物聯網(wang)(wang)熱情(qing)不減,更有多(duo)位互(hu)聯網(wang)(wang)“大佬”表示,泛(fan)在電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)物聯網(wang)(wang)的(de)(de)發展將是(shi)深(shen)入(ru)產業互(hu)聯網(wang)(wang)的(de)(de)良(liang)機(ji)。
那么,何(he)為泛在(zai)(zai)電力(li)物聯網?為何(he)各(ge)產(chan)業都希望分羹(geng)其(qi)中(zhong)?泛在(zai)(zai)電力(li)物聯網的(de)建設在(zai)(zai)能源(yuan)革命的(de)數字化(hua)轉型中(zhong)又扮(ban)演著什么樣(yang)的(de)角(jiao)色(se)?這些疑問在(zai)(zai)上述論(lun)壇上被(bei)一一回答。
能源轉型催生泛在電力物聯網
“泛在(zai)(zai)物聯(lian)(lian)其實就是(shi)指(zhi)任(ren)何(he)(he)時間(jian)、任(ren)何(he)(he)地(di)點(dian)、任(ren)何(he)(he)人、任(ren)何(he)(he)物之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)連(lian)接(jie)和交(jiao)互(hu),而泛在(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)力(li)物聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)是(shi)泛在(zai)(zai)物聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)在(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)力(li)行業(ye)的(de)(de)具體表(biao)現形式和應用落地(di)。”國家電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)公(gong)司總信(xin)(xin)息(xi)師孫正(zheng)運表(biao)示,泛在(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)力(li)物聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)不僅是(shi)技術變革,更是(shi)管理(li)思維的(de)(de)提升和管理(li)理(li)念的(de)(de)創新,對電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)公(gong)司來(lai)說(shuo)重點(dian)是(shi)質效提升,對電(dian)(dian)力(li)用戶來(lai)說(shuo)重點(dian)則是(shi)融通發展,這是(shi)能源革命數字化轉型的(de)(de)必然產(chan)物。
時(shi)代在變(bian)(bian)化(hua),產業(ye)在轉(zhuan)型(xing),能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)發展也有(you)了新的(de)變(bian)(bian)化(hua)趨(qu)勢(shi)。孫(sun)正運預測,從能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)生產方面(mian)來看,能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)生產清潔(jie)化(hua)趨(qu)勢(shi)明(ming)顯,預計到2035年,清潔(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)發電(dian)(dian)量(liang)占比將超過煤電(dian)(dian),成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)主導供電(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan);從能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)消費(fei)方面(mian)來看,高技術產業(ye)和高端制造業(ye)穩步(bu)發展,帶(dai)動(dong)第(di)二產業(ye)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)持續增加,居民、交通、商業(ye)逐(zhu)步(bu)成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)電(dian)(dian)氣化(hua)水(shui)平提(ti)升(sheng)的(de)主要(yao)領域。“所以說,我國的(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)轉(zhuan)型(xing)主要(yao)體現在能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)生產和能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)消費(fei)兩(liang)個環節。”
能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)生產和消(xiao)費環(huan)節的(de)(de)轉(zhuan)型,對(dui)于傳(chuan)統電(dian)網來說也意味著(zhu)新的(de)(de)挑戰(zhan)。孫正(zheng)運補(bu)充說,清潔(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)波(bo)動性、隨機性對(dui)電(dian)網穩定造(zao)成(cheng)了(le)影響,而且清潔(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)并網比(bi)(bi)例不(bu)斷(duan)提升,也會造(zao)成(cheng)電(dian)力(li)(li)(li)系統靈(ling)活性調(diao)節資源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)短(duan)缺;其次電(dian)力(li)(li)(li)占終端消(xiao)費比(bi)(bi)重不(bu)斷(duan)提升、能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)消(xiao)費形(xing)式需求更(geng)(geng)加多樣化;三是國家持(chi)續加大降電(dian)價(jia)力(li)(li)(li)度給公司造(zao)成(cheng)了(le)巨大壓力(li)(li)(li);最后是分布式能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、工業園區等可實(shi)現(xian)直接(jie)與(yu)客戶交(jiao)易,對(dui)電(dian)力(li)(li)(li)交(jiao)易和電(dian)網運行(xing)提出(chu)了(le)更(geng)(geng)高(gao)的(de)(de)要求。面(mian)對(dui)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)轉(zhuan)型,電(dian)網發展(zhan)(zhan)也更(geng)(geng)應與(yu)時(shi)俱進,能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)革(ge)命與(yu)數字革(ge)命融合發展(zhan)(zhan),清潔(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)高(gao)質量、高(gao)效率、經濟化生產與(yu)利用已勢在必行(xing)。
“為主(zhu)動適應能(neng)源轉型(xing),泛(fan)在(zai)電力物聯(lian)網(wang)應運(yun)而(er)生,實(shi)現了(le)經(jing)濟社會(hui)數(shu)字化轉型(xing),能(neng)源革命(ming)與數(shu)字革命(ming)的不斷(duan)融合(he),通過建設發展泛(fan)在(zai)電力物聯(lian)網(wang),融合(he)先進(jin)能(neng)源技術(shu)、現代信息通信技術(shu)和(he)控制(zhi)技術(shu)實(shi)現多能(neng)互(hu)補(bu)、智能(neng)互(hu)動、泛(fan)在(zai)互(hu)聯(lian)。”孫正(zheng)運(yun)指出了(le)建設泛(fan)在(zai)電力物聯(lian)網(wang)是大勢所趨。
建設泛在電力物聯網 技術標準是基礎
國網上海市電(dian)(dian)力公司(si)浦東公司(si)總工(gong)程(cheng)師何維(wei)國給(gei)出一(yi)個比喻:泛在(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)力物聯網就像流淌在(zai)(zai)人體中的(de)血液,泛在(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)力物聯網的(de)各種數據指標可(ke)以反(fan)映(ying)社(she)會的(de)整體發(fa)展狀況,也可(ke)以反(fan)映(ying)社(she)會經(jing)濟發(fa)展中存在(zai)(zai)的(de)問題(ti)。
那(nei)么(me)能源數據將如(ru)何(he)獲得?泛在(zai)電力(li)物聯網又該怎么(me)建?
“技(ji)(ji)術標準(zhun)(zhun)是(shi)促(cu)進科技(ji)(ji)成果轉(zhuan)化(hua)為社會(hui)產品(pin)的橋梁和紐帶。在(zai)過去的電(dian)(dian)力系統中(zhong)(zhong),可能大多是(shi)先有(you)(you)了產品(pin)后有(you)(you)了產業,才能歸(gui)納總結形成標準(zhun)(zhun),但隨著技(ji)(ji)術的發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)、技(ji)(ji)術與產業的融合,現代標準(zhun)(zhun)應該走在(zai)產業前面,標準(zhun)(zhun)應引領和推動(dong)行業的規范(fan)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)。”中(zhong)(zhong)國電(dian)(dian)力企業聯合會(hui)標準(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)中(zhong)(zhong)心主任(ren)劉永東(dong)說,“因此,標準(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)建(jian)設(she)在(zai)泛在(zai)電(dian)(dian)力物聯網中(zhong)(zhong)起到基礎(chu)性作用(yong),這也(ye)正是(shi)完善(shan)能源互聯網標準(zhun)(zhun)體(ti)系的重要組(zu)成部分(fen)。”
劉永東表示,針對泛在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力物聯網(wang)的標(biao)準(zhun)化建(jian)設(she),開展了(le)綜合標(biao)準(zhun)化試點工作,實現了(le)整體的立(li)項(xiang)制(zhi)定發布(bu)和(he)實施。在(zai)新能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)領(ling)域(yu)(yu)(yu)方(fang)面,建(jian)立(li)起了(le)完整的風(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)并網(wang)體系,也制(zhi)定了(le)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)領(ling)域(yu)(yu)(yu)風(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)標(biao)準(zhun)體系。“實際上我(wo)們每兩年都(dou)會進行完整的修訂,其中覆蓋了(le)風(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的設(she)計(ji)、施工、安(an)裝、氣象(xiang)觀(guan)測等七(qi)個(ge)領(ling)域(yu)(yu)(yu)。在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽車充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)施領(ling)域(yu)(yu)(yu)方(fang)面,目(mu)前(qian)已經(jing)發布(bu)了(le)35項(xiang)標(biao)準(zhun),其中國(guo)家(jia)(jia)標(biao)準(zhun)16項(xiang),行業標(biao)準(zhun)19項(xiang)。”他說(shuo),在(zai)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)互聯網(wang)建(jian)設(she)方(fang)面,國(guo)家(jia)(jia)交(jiao)通委(wei)、國(guo)家(jia)(jia)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)局聯合發展能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)互聯網(wang)標(biao)準(zhun)化工作指導意見,確定了(le)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)互聯網(wang)的發展目(mu)標(biao)和(he)工作任務。
提(ti)及下一步的泛(fan)在(zai)電(dian)力(li)(li)物聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)標(biao)準(zhun)化工(gong)作(zuo),國家電(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)公(gong)司互聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)部(bu)副主任汪峰說道(dao):“首先是發布泛(fan)在(zai)電(dian)力(li)(li)物聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)標(biao)準(zhun)體系,推動(dong)關鍵核心標(biao)準(zhun)的研制發布工(gong)作(zuo);第(di)二是開(kai)展泛(fan)在(zai)電(dian)力(li)(li)物聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)技術標(biao)準(zhun)國際(ji)化研究,推動(dong)成果向國際(ji)標(biao)準(zhun)轉(zhuan)化;第(di)三是組建泛(fan)在(zai)電(dian)力(li)(li)物聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)標(biao)準(zhun)化工(gong)作(zuo)組,統籌推進泛(fan)在(zai)電(dian)力(li)(li)物聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)標(biao)準(zhun)化工(gong)作(zuo)。”
泛在電力物聯網建設需能源與數字化相結合
有(you)專家(jia)認(ren)為,“泛(fan)(fan)在(zai)”就是(shi)無(wu)處不在(zai),電網本身就是(shi)一個泛(fan)(fan)在(zai)網,但(dan)其“泛(fan)(fan)在(zai)”僅體現在(zai)電能(neng)上(shang),沒有(you)體現到(dao)數據(ju)和信息方面(mian)。泛(fan)(fan)在(zai)電力物聯網正是(shi)要實現信息和數據(ju)的“泛(fan)(fan)在(zai)”,這(zhe)就離不開互(hu)聯網企(qi)業的參與和支持。
“在(zai)調研電(dian)(dian)(dian)網的過程(cheng),我們發現(xian)能源(yuan)的生(sheng)產傳輸(shu)(shu)以及(ji)能源(yuan)消耗,就(jiu)是輸(shu)(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)、配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)、用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的過程(cheng),整個過程(cheng)涉及(ji)到很多環節(jie),而每個環節(jie)里面(mian)都有涉及(ji)連接和(he)數據(ju)的采(cai)集,這(zhe)對通信的要求非常高(gao),所以泛在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力物聯網的建設和(he)發展離不開互(hu)聯網的技術(shu)支撐。”華為技術(shu)有限公司5G資深(shen)專(zhuan)家(jia)周東飛說道。
京東物(wu)聯平臺合作(zuo)部(bu)副總經理(li)敖敏在(zai)大(da)會上也分(fen)享(xiang)了(le)互聯網(wang)企業(ye)(ye)參與(yu)泛在(zai)電(dian)(dian)力(li)物(wu)聯網(wang)建設的案例(li)。他(ta)說:“因為互聯網(wang)公司(si)的優勢是精準服務用(yong)(yong)戶(hu),我(wo)們可以(yi)與(yu)各家(jia)電(dian)(dian)用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)及車(che)企合作(zuo),并(bing)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)相關的數(shu)據(ju)采(cai)集。未來(lai),當用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)走(zou)進(jin)(jin)(jin)家(jia)中(zhong),家(jia)庭大(da)腦就可以(yi)識別到用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)的身份,從而調節(jie)相應的電(dian)(dian)器設備;用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)在(zai)駕(jia)駛電(dian)(dian)動汽車(che)時,通過(guo)數(shu)據(ju)分(fen)析我(wo)們可以(yi)告知用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)的方位、電(dian)(dian)價信息等(deng)。”除此之外(wai),阿里(li)(li)(li)云央企總架(jia)構師黃兵(bing)補(bu)充(chong)道,為解(jie)決電(dian)(dian)網(wang)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)的痛(tong)點,阿里(li)(li)(li)云研發了(le)虛(xu)擬配網(wang)調度(du)(du)員(yuan),通過(guo)引進(jin)(jin)(jin)阿里(li)(li)(li)機器人客(ke)服的算法模(mo)型和知識圖譜技術,結合電(dian)(dian)網(wang)自有數(shu)據(ju),將配網(wang)調度(du)(du)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)80%的重(zhong)復性(xing)勞(lao)動替代(dai)成被虛(xu)擬調度(du)(du)員(yuan)語(yu)音指令,助力(li)提升工作(zuo)效率。
據國網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)浙(zhe)江省電(dian)力(li)(li)公司技(ji)術商(shang)務處處長夏洪(hong)濤介紹說,憑借著互聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)技(ji)術優勢,目前,泛在(zai)(zai)電(dian)力(li)(li)物聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)已(yi)在(zai)(zai)浙(zhe)江有多個試(shi)點項目,其中包括,浙(zhe)江嘉(jia)興(xing)城市能源(yuan)互聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)綜合(he)試(shi)點示(shi)(shi)范項目、浙(zhe)江泛杭州(zhou)灣電(dian)力(li)(li)物聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)綜合(he)示(shi)(shi)范項目、浙(zhe)江寧(ning)波梅山智慧能源(yuan)物聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)綜合(he)示(shi)(shi)范項目和浙(zhe)江烏鎮互聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)光電(dian)力(li)(li)物聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)綜合(he)示(shi)(shi)范項目等。未(wei)來,泛在(zai)(zai)電(dian)力(li)(li)物聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)將在(zai)(zai)各(ge)地開(kai)花,助力(li)(li)打造(zao)智慧城市。