无码日韩精品一区二区免费暖暖,久久精品国产精品亚洲,开心播播网,女人床技48动态图,国产精品无码免费专区午夜

為全面(mian)、客(ke)觀反映電力(li)行(xing)業(ye)2018年度(du)發(fa)展與改革情況，服務電力(li)行(xing)業(ye)企(qi)業(ye)科學發(fa)展，6月14日(ri)，中國電力(li)企(qi)業(ye)聯合(he)會（以下簡稱(cheng)“中電聯”）在(zai)北京召開新聞發(fa)布會，發(fa)布《中國電力(li)行(xing)業(ye)年度(du)發(fa)展報告(gao)2019》（簡稱(cheng)“《行(xing)業(ye)發(fa)展報告(gao)2019》”）。

《中(zhong)國電(dian)力(li)(li)(li)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)年度發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)報(bao)告》首(shou)發(fa)(fa)于2006年，由中(zhong)電(dian)聯充(chong)分利用電(dian)力(li)(li)(li)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)統計與調查(cha)職能優勢，并以企業(ye)(ye)和相關(guan)機構提供(gong)的(de)資料(liao)為補充(chong)，按(an)年度組(zu)織編制(zhi)，是電(dian)力(li)(li)(li)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)首(shou)份(fen)年度發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)報(bao)告，也(ye)是首(shou)部綜合(he)反映行(xing)業(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)和改革總體情況的(de)正式出版物，至今已連(lian)續出版14年，形成了自身獨有(you)(you)的(de)風格和鮮明的(de)特(te)色，受到各級政府、電(dian)力(li)(li)(li)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)企業(ye)(ye)和社(she)(she)會(hui)各界(jie)的(de)廣泛(fan)關(guan)注，具有(you)(you)較大的(de)影響力(li)(li)(li)和較高的(de)參(can)(can)考(kao)價值，成為中(zhong)電(dian)聯服務(wu)會(hui)員單位和社(she)(she)會(hui)各界(jie)的(de)重(zhong)要載體，成為電(dian)力(li)(li)(li)從業(ye)(ye)人(ren)員和所有(you)(you)關(guan)心電(dian)力(li)(li)(li)事業(ye)(ye)的(de)讀者了解中(zhong)國電(dian)力(li)(li)(li)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)情況的(de)重(zhong)要參(can)(can)考(kao)資料(liao)。

《行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)報(bao)告(gao)2019》共12章(zhang)，通過(guo)深入(ru)分析和圖文并貌的(de)展(zhan)(zhan)現形式，全面(mian)反(fan)映2018年電(dian)力行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)、改革與(yu)市場建(jian)設、投資與(yu)建(jian)設、生產與(yu)供應、消費(fei)與(yu)供需、安(an)全與(yu)可靠性、綠色(se)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)、科技與(yu)信息(xi)化、電(dian)力標準化、企業(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)與(yu)經營(ying)、國際交流合作領域的(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)趨勢(shi)與(yu)特點，突出行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)成績，提出行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)存(cun)在的(de)主要問題(ti)，并進(jin)行(xing)(xing)了適(shi)度展(zhan)(zhan)望。《行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)報(bao)告(gao)2019》附錄列出了2018年電(dian)力行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)大事記、電(dian)價、電(dian)力生產建(jian)設、大型電(dian)力企業(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)經營(ying)等(deng)相關(guan)數據信息(xi)。

《行業(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)報(bao)告2019》指出，2018年(nian)(nian)，在以習(xi)近(jin)平(ping)同(tong)志(zhi)為核心的(de)黨(dang)中央堅(jian)強領導下，電(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)行業(ye)以習(xi)近(jin)平(ping)新(xin)時代中國特(te)色社會(hui)主(zhu)義思想為指導，堅(jian)決落(luo)實黨(dang)中央、國務院(yuan)決策部(bu)署(shu)和“四個(ge)革(ge)命、一(yi)個(ge)合作”能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)安全新(xin)戰略，按(an)照高質(zhi)量發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)根本要求，加(jia)大(da)電(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)結構調(diao)整(zheng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)度(du)，繼續(xu)加(jia)快清(qing)潔能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)展(zhan)，促(cu)進(jin)跨(kua)區跨(kua)省送電(dian)，推(tui)進(jin)清(qing)潔能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)大(da)范圍優化配(pei)置，推(tui)進(jin)終端能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)氣化利用水平(ping)；深(shen)化電(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)體制改革(ge),大(da)力(li)(li)(li)(li)推(tui)進(jin)電(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)市場建(jian)設，推(tui)動電(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)科技創(chuang)新(xin)；進(jin)一(yi)步加(jia)強綠色發(fa)展(zhan)，積極(ji)應(ying)對(dui)氣候變(bian)化；不斷擴大(da)“一(yi)帶一(yi)路”電(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)國際合作，持續(xu)構建(jian)清(qing)潔低(di)碳、安全高效的(de)現代能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)體系。2018年(nian)(nian)，電(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)行業(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)呈現九大(da)特(te)征。

一是電力供應能力持續增強，結構進一步優化。

發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)供應能(neng)力持續增強。2018年(nian)(nian)，全(quan)國(guo)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)新增生產能(neng)力（正式投(tou)產）12785萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)，比(bi)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)少投(tou)產234萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)。其中(zhong)(zhong)，水(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)859萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)（其中(zhong)(zhong)，抽水(shui)蓄能(neng)新增130萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)），為2003年(nian)(nian)以來(lai)水(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)新投(tou)產最少的(de)一年(nian)(nian)；火電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)4380萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)（其中(zhong)(zhong)，煤電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)3056萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)，氣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)884萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)），比(bi)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)減少73萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)（其中(zhong)(zhong)，煤電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)比(bi)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)減少448萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)，氣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)比(bi)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)增加313萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)），已連(lian)續四年(nian)(nian)減少；核電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)884萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)，創核電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)年(nian)(nian)投(tou)產新高；并網風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和(he)太陽(yang)能(neng)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)2127萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)和(he)4525萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)，分別(bie)比(bi)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)多投(tou)產407萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)和(he)少投(tou)產815萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)，其合計新增占全(quan)國(guo)新增裝機容(rong)量的(de)52.0%。截至2018年(nian)(nian)年(nian)(nian)底，全(quan)國(guo)全(quan)口徑(jing)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)裝機容(rong)量190012萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)，比(bi)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)增長6.5%，增速比(bi)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)回(hui)落1.2個百(bai)分點(dian)。

其中，水電(dian)(dian)35259萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)（含抽水蓄能(neng)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)2999萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)，比(bi)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)4.5%），比(bi)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)2.6%；火電(dian)(dian)114408萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)（含煤電(dian)(dian)100835萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)，比(bi)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)2.3%），比(bi)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)3.1%；核電(dian)(dian)4466萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)，比(bi)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)24.7%；并網(wang)風電(dian)(dian)18427萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)，比(bi)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)12.4%；并網(wang)太(tai)陽能(neng)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)17433萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)，比(bi)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)33.7%。全(quan)國(guo)人均(jun)裝(zhuang)機(ji)1.36千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)/人，比(bi)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)0.08千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)/人，連續(xu)多年(nian)(nian)(nian)居世界平均(jun)水平。發(fa)電(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)機(ji)結構進一步(bu)優化(hua)，全(quan)國(guo)非化(hua)石能(neng)源(yuan)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)機(ji)容(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)77551萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)，占(zhan)(zhan)全(quan)國(guo)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)總裝(zhuang)機(ji)容(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)的40.8%，比(bi)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)提高2.1個(ge)百(bai)分(fen)點；新能(neng)源(yuan)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)機(ji)合計(ji)35860萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)，占(zhan)(zhan)比(bi)18.9%。單機(ji)100萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)級(ji)火電(dian)(dian)機(ji)組達到(dao)113臺，60萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)及以上(shang)火電(dian)(dian)機(ji)組容(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)占(zhan)(zhan)比(bi)達到(dao)44.7%。

電(dian)(dian)網(wang)規模有所增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)。2018年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，全年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)新增(zeng)(zeng)交流110千(qian)(qian)(qian)伏及(ji)以上輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)線(xian)路(lu)長度和變(bian)電(dian)(dian)設備(bei)容(rong)量(liang)56973千(qian)(qian)(qian)米(mi)和31024萬千(qian)(qian)(qian)伏安，分(fen)別比(bi)上年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)下(xia)降1.9%和4.8%；由于國(guo)家(jia)大氣污染防治行動(dong)計劃重(zhong)點輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)通(tong)道已陸續(xu)投產，新增(zeng)(zeng)直流輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)線(xian)路(lu)和換流容(rong)量(liang)分(fen)別為3325千(qian)(qian)(qian)米(mi)和3200萬千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦，比(bi)上年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)分(fen)別下(xia)降61.3%和59.5%。截至2018年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)底(di)，全國(guo)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)35千(qian)(qian)(qian)伏及(ji)以上輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)線(xian)路(lu)回(hui)路(lu)長度189萬千(qian)(qian)(qian)米(mi)，比(bi)上年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)長3.7%。其中(zhong)，220千(qian)(qian)(qian)伏及(ji)以上輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)線(xian)路(lu)回(hui)路(lu)長度73萬千(qian)(qian)(qian)米(mi)，比(bi)上年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)長7.0%。

全國(guo)電網(wang)35千伏(fu)及(ji)以上變電設備容量70億千伏(fu)安，比上年(nian)增(zeng)長5.4%。其中，220千伏(fu)及(ji)以上變電設備容量43億千伏(fu)安，比上年(nian)增(zeng)長6.0%。2018年(nian)，全國(guo)共投產2條直流跨(kua)區(qu)(qu)特(te)高壓線(xian)路(lu)，新增(zeng)跨(kua)區(qu)(qu)輸電能力(li)1500萬(wan)千瓦(wa)(wa)。截至2018年(nian)年(nian)底，全國(guo)跨(kua)區(qu)(qu)輸電能力(li)達到13615萬(wan)千瓦(wa)(wa)，其中，交直流聯網(wang)跨(kua)區(qu)(qu)輸電能力(li)12281萬(wan)千瓦(wa)(wa)；跨(kua)區(qu)(qu)點對網(wang)送電能力(li)1334萬(wan)千瓦(wa)(wa)。

電(dian)(dian)力(li)投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)回落。2018年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，全國主要發電(dian)(dian)企業[1]電(dian)(dian)源工程建設完成投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)2787億(yi)(yi)(yi)元(yuan)(yuan)，比上(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)3.9%，下(xia)(xia)(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)幅度同(tong)比上(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)收窄。其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)，水(shui)電(dian)(dian)700億(yi)(yi)(yi)元(yuan)(yuan)，比上(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)增(zeng)長12.7%（其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)，抽(chou)水(shui)蓄能(neng)162億(yi)(yi)(yi)元(yuan)(yuan)，比上(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)增(zeng)長14.0%，是歷年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)來(lai)投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)額(e)最大）；核電(dian)(dian)447億(yi)(yi)(yi)元(yuan)(yuan)，比上(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)1.6%；風電(dian)(dian)646億(yi)(yi)(yi)元(yuan)(yuan)，比上(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)5.2%，已(yi)連(lian)續三年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)；太陽能(neng)發電(dian)(dian)207億(yi)(yi)(yi)元(yuan)(yuan)，比上(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)27.4%。火電(dian)(dian)投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)786億(yi)(yi)(yi)元(yuan)(yuan)，比上(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)8.3%，為2004年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)來(lai)投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)額(e)最小，其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)，燃煤發電(dian)(dian)644億(yi)(yi)(yi)元(yuan)(yuan)，比上(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)8.8%，占電(dian)(dian)源投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)的23.1%，與(yu)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)基本持(chi)平(ping)，燃氣(qi)發電(dian)(dian)投(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)資(zi)142億(yi)(yi)(yi)元(yuan)(yuan)，與(yu)上(shang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)基本持(chi)平(ping)。

全(quan)(quan)國(guo)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)建設完成投資(zi)5340億(yi)元，與(yu)去年(nian)基本持平。其(qi)中，直流(liu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)520億(yi)元，比(bi)上年(nian)下(xia)降39.4%，占電(dian)(dian)網(wang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)總投資(zi)的9.7%；交流(liu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)4600億(yi)元，比(bi)上年(nian)增(zeng)長(chang)7.6%。配(pei)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)投資(zi)額較(jiao)快增(zeng)長(chang)，全(quan)(quan)年(nian)完成配(pei)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)投資(zi)3023億(yi)元，比(bi)上年(nian)增(zeng)長(chang)6.4%。

二是電力生產較快增長，生產運行安全可靠。

非(fei)化石能(neng)源(yuan)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)加快增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)。全(quan)(quan)國全(quan)(quan)口(kou)(kou)徑發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)69947億(yi)千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦時(shi)，比(bi)(bi)(bi)上(shang)(shang)年(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)8.4%，增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)速比(bi)(bi)(bi)上(shang)(shang)年(nian)提(ti)高1.9個(ge)(ge)百(bai)分點(dian)。其(qi)中(zhong)，水電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)12321億(yi)千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦時(shi)，比(bi)(bi)(bi)上(shang)(shang)年(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)3.1%；火電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)49249億(yi)千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦時(shi)，比(bi)(bi)(bi)上(shang)(shang)年(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)7.3%，其(qi)中(zhong)，煤電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)44829億(yi)千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦時(shi)，比(bi)(bi)(bi)上(shang)(shang)年(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)7.3%；核電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)2950億(yi)千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦時(shi)，比(bi)(bi)(bi)上(shang)(shang)年(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)18.9%；并網風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)3658億(yi)千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦時(shi)，比(bi)(bi)(bi)上(shang)(shang)年(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)20.1%；太陽能(neng)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)1769億(yi)千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦時(shi)，比(bi)(bi)(bi)上(shang)(shang)年(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)50.2%。2018年(nian)，全(quan)(quan)國非(fei)化石能(neng)源(yuan)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)21634億(yi)千(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦時(shi)，比(bi)(bi)(bi)上(shang)(shang)年(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)11.1%，占(zhan)全(quan)(quan)口(kou)(kou)徑發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的比(bi)(bi)(bi)重為30.9%，比(bi)(bi)(bi)上(shang)(shang)年(nian)提(ti)高0.8個(ge)(ge)百(bai)分點(dian)，對(dui)全(quan)(quan)國發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)的貢獻率為40.0%；新能(neng)源(yuan)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)28.5%，對(dui)全(quan)(quan)國發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)(liang)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)的貢獻率達到(dao)22.2%。

全(quan)(quan)年(nian)發電用煤(mei)價格高位波(bo)動。2018年(nian)電煤(mei)供應量前緊后緩(huan)、總(zong)體平衡，全(quan)(quan)年(nian)發電用煤(mei)價格在波(bo)動中前高后穩。根據中電聯電煤(mei)采購價格指數CECI顯示，2018年(nian)全(quan)(quan)年(nian)5500大卡現貨成交(jiao)價格波(bo)動范(fan)圍為(wei)560-752元/噸、綜合價波(bo)動范(fan)圍為(wei)571-635元/噸，平均綜合價均超過(guo)國(guo)家規(gui)定的綠(lv)色區間上限(xian)，國(guo)內(nei)煤(mei)電企業電煤(mei)采購成本(ben)居高不下(xia)。

棄(qi)風(feng)棄(qi)光(guang)問題(ti)繼續得(de)到改善。2018年(nian),在各(ge)級(ji)政府(fu)和全(quan)行業(ye)協同(tong)努力下，新能源發電(dian)消納進一步改善。全(quan)年(nian)全(quan)國棄(qi)風(feng)電(dian)量277億千瓦(wa)時，平均棄(qi)風(feng)率(lv)7%，比(bi)上(shang)年(nian)下降5個百(bai)分點；全(quan)國棄(qi)光(guang)電(dian)量54.9億千瓦(wa)時，平均棄(qi)光(guang)率(lv)3%，比(bi)上(shang)年(nian)下降2.8個百(bai)分點。

并網風電(dian)(dian)設備(bei)利(li)用小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)創2013年(nian)(nian)來(lai)最高(gao)。受(shou)電(dian)(dian)力(li)消費較高(gao)增速和部分流(liu)域(yu)來(lai)水較少(shao)影響，火(huo)電(dian)(dian)、核電(dian)(dian)與新能源發(fa)電(dian)(dian)利(li)用小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)同(tong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)提(ti)(ti)高(gao)較多(duo)。其中，火(huo)電(dian)(dian)4378小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，比(bi)(bi)(bi)上(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)提(ti)(ti)高(gao)159小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)（燃煤發(fa)電(dian)(dian)4495小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，比(bi)(bi)(bi)上(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)提(ti)(ti)高(gao)183小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)；燃氣發(fa)電(dian)(dian)2767小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，比(bi)(bi)(bi)上(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)提(ti)(ti)高(gao)6小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)）；核電(dian)(dian)7543小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，比(bi)(bi)(bi)上(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)提(ti)(ti)高(gao)454小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)；并網風電(dian)(dian)2103小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，比(bi)(bi)(bi)上(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)提(ti)(ti)高(gao)155小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，為2013年(nian)(nian)以來(lai)最高(gao)；太陽能發(fa)電(dian)(dian)1230小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，比(bi)(bi)(bi)上(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)提(ti)(ti)高(gao)25小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)；水電(dian)(dian)3607小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，比(bi)(bi)(bi)上(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)提(ti)(ti)高(gao)10小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。

電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)生(sheng)產運行安全可(ke)靠。2018年，全國未發生(sheng)較(jiao)(jiao)大以上(shang)(shang)(shang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)人身(shen)傷亡事故，未發生(sheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)水電(dian)(dian)(dian)站大壩(ba)垮(kua)壩(ba)、漫(man)壩(ba)以及(ji)對社會(hui)造成重大影響的(de)安全事件。電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)可(ke)靠性主要指標總(zong)體保持在較(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)水平(ping)(ping)。其中，4萬千瓦(wa)(wa)及(ji)以上(shang)(shang)(shang)水電(dian)(dian)(dian)機組(zu)(zu)以及(ji)10萬千瓦(wa)(wa)及(ji)以上(shang)(shang)(shang)煤電(dian)(dian)(dian)機組(zu)(zu)、燃氣(qi)輪機組(zu)(zu)、核電(dian)(dian)(dian)機組(zu)(zu)的(de)等效可(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)系(xi)數(shu)(shu)分(fen)(fen)別(bie)為(wei)92.30%、92.26%、92.47%、91.84%。除核電(dian)(dian)(dian)機組(zu)(zu)的(de)等效可(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)系(xi)數(shu)(shu)提高(gao)0.74個(ge)(ge)百分(fen)(fen)點(dian)外，其他(ta)分(fen)(fen)別(bie)比上(shang)(shang)(shang)年下降(jiang)0.25個(ge)(ge)、0.5個(ge)(ge)和(he)0.13個(ge)(ge)百分(fen)(fen)點(dian)。架(jia)空線路(lu)、變(bian)壓器、斷路(lu)器三(san)類主要輸變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)設施的(de)可(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)系(xi)數(shu)(shu)分(fen)(fen)別(bie)為(wei)99.328%、99.741%、99.908%，均低于上(shang)(shang)(shang)年。直流輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)合計(ji)能(neng)量(liang)可(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)率、能(neng)量(liang)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)率分(fen)(fen)別(bie)為(wei)92.15%、44.11%，分(fen)(fen)別(bie)比上(shang)(shang)(shang)年下降(jiang)3.20個(ge)(ge)和(he)10.31個(ge)(ge)百分(fen)(fen)點(dian)；總(zong)計(ji)強迫停運35次(ci)，比上(shang)(shang)(shang)年增(zeng)加2次(ci)。全國10（6、20）千伏供電(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)平(ping)(ping)均供電(dian)(dian)(dian)可(ke)靠率為(wei)99.820%，比上(shang)(shang)(shang)年提高(gao)0.006個(ge)(ge)百分(fen)(fen)點(dian)；用(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)平(ping)(ping)均停電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)間15.75小時(shi)/戶(hu)，比上(shang)(shang)(shang)年減少0.52小時(shi)/戶(hu)；用(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)平(ping)(ping)均停電(dian)(dian)(dian)頻率3.28次(ci)/戶(hu)，與上(shang)(shang)(shang)年持平(ping)(ping)。

三是全社會用電較快增長，電力供需總體平衡。

全社(she)(she)會(hui)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)較(jiao)快(kuai)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)。在宏觀經濟運行總(zong)體平(ping)穩、服(fu)務業和(he)(he)高新技術(shu)及裝(zhuang)備制造業較(jiao)快(kuai)發展(zhan)、冬季(ji)寒潮和(he)(he)夏季(ji)高溫(wen)、電(dian)(dian)能替代快(kuai)速(su)推廣、城農網(wang)改(gai)造升級釋放電(dian)(dian)力需求等因素(su)綜合影(ying)響下，全社(she)(she)會(hui)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)實現較(jiao)快(kuai)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)。2018年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，全國(guo)全社(she)(she)會(hui)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)69002億千瓦(wa)時，比上年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)8.4%，為(wei)2012年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)以來最高增(zeng)(zeng)速(su)，增(zeng)(zeng)速(su)比上年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)提高1.8個百(bai)分(fen)(fen)點。其中(zhong)，第(di)一、第(di)二、第(di)三產業和(he)(he)城鄉居民用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)分(fen)(fen)別比上年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)9.0%、7.1%、12.9%和(he)(he)10.3%。第(di)二產業用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)依(yi)然是拉動(dong)全社(she)(she)會(hui)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)的(de)主力，拉動(dong)5.0個百(bai)分(fen)(fen)點，比上年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)提高1.1個百(bai)分(fen)(fen)點；第(di)三產業和(he)(he)城鄉居民生活(huo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)繼續(xu)保持(chi)快(kuai)速(su)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)，對全社(she)(she)會(hui)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)(chang)的(de)拉動(dong)力分(fen)(fen)別比上年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)提高0.5和(he)(he)0.4個百(bai)分(fen)(fen)點。

電(dian)能(neng)替(ti)代(dai)(dai)快(kuai)速(su)推廣。2018年(nian)，全(quan)年(nian)累計完成替(ti)代(dai)(dai)電(dian)量(liang)1557.6億千(qian)瓦(wa)時,比(bi)上年(nian)增長21.1%。其中，全(quan)國工(gong)（農）業生產制造(zao)領域完成替(ti)代(dai)(dai)電(dian)量(liang)968.0億千(qian)瓦(wa)時，約占總替(ti)代(dai)(dai)電(dian)量(liang)的62.2%；居民取暖、交通(tong)運(yun)輸、能(neng)源生產供應與消費等領域電(dian)能(neng)替(ti)代(dai)(dai)也在快(kuai)速(su)推廣，替(ti)代(dai)(dai)電(dian)量(liang)逐年(nian)提高。

電力終端(duan)新業(ye)態正在培育。綜合能源(yuan)、電力系統儲能與電動汽(qi)車充(chong)電等電力終端(duan)新業(ye)態在技術和(he)商業(ye)化(hua)應用(yong)方面得(de)到較快發(fa)展。截(jie)至2018年年底，國家能源(yuan)局(ju)公(gong)布(bu)的首批(pi)55個(ge)“互聯網(wang)+”智慧能源(yuan)（能源(yuan)互聯網(wang)）示范項目(mu)、23個(ge)多能互補集成優化(hua)示范工程項目(mu)和(he)28個(ge)新能源(yuan)微(wei)電網(wang)示范項目(mu)，正在試點實踐。

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)需求側(ce)管(guan)理進(jin)一步(bu)深化。2018年，各(ge)級政府(fu)部門、行業(ye)協會、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)企業(ye)深化電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)需求側(ce)管(guan)理。各(ge)地通過積極探索、實施(shi)需求側(ce)響應，最大削減高峰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)1245萬(wan)(wan)千瓦(wa)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網企業(ye)實施(shi)送變電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系統節電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和推動社會各(ge)領域企業(ye)節電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)等措施(shi)，全年合(he)計(ji)完成節約電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量163億千瓦(wa)時，節約電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)431萬(wan)(wan)千瓦(wa)。

電(dian)力(li)(li)供需形勢總(zong)體平(ping)(ping)衡(heng)。2018年(nian)(nian)，全國電(dian)力(li)(li)供需形勢從前兩年(nian)(nian)的總(zong)體寬松轉(zhuan)為總(zong)體平(ping)(ping)衡(heng)。其中(zhong)，東(dong)北(bei)和西北(bei)區(qu)域電(dian)力(li)(li)供應能力(li)(li)富余(yu)；華(hua)北(bei)、華(hua)東(dong)、華(hua)中(zhong)和南方區(qu)域電(dian)力(li)(li)供需總(zong)體平(ping)(ping)衡(heng)；部分(fen)地區(qu)受年(nian)(nian)初(chu)大范(fan)圍(wei)雨雪天氣(qi)(qi)、夏季持續高溫(wen)天氣(qi)(qi)、部分(fen)時段燃料供應偏(pian)緊等因素影響，局(ju)部時段電(dian)力(li)(li)供需平(ping)(ping)衡(heng)偏(pian)緊。

四是電力綠色發展水平不斷提高，節能減排取得新成績。

資(zi)源(yuan)節約水(shui)平繼續提(ti)升。2018年，全國6000千(qian)瓦及以(yi)上(shang)火(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)廠平均供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)標準(zhun)煤(mei)(mei)耗307.6克(ke)/千(qian)瓦時(shi)，比(bi)上(shang)年下(xia)(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)1.8克(ke)/千(qian)瓦時(shi)，煤(mei)(mei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機組(zu)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)煤(mei)(mei)耗繼續保持(chi)世界先進；廠用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)率(lv)4.70%，比(bi)上(shang)年下(xia)(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)0.10個百分(fen)(fen)點（其中，水(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)0.26%，比(bi)上(shang)年下(xia)(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)0.01個百分(fen)(fen)點；火(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)5.81%，比(bi)上(shang)年下(xia)(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)0.23個百分(fen)(fen)點）。全國線損(sun)率(lv)6.21%，比(bi)上(shang)年下(xia)(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)0.27個百分(fen)(fen)點。全國火(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)廠單(dan)位發電(dian)(dian)(dian)量耗水(shui)量1.23千(qian)克(ke)/千(qian)瓦時(shi)，比(bi)上(shang)年下(xia)(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)0.02千(qian)克(ke)/千(qian)瓦時(shi)；粉煤(mei)(mei)灰、脫(tuo)硫石膏(gao)綜(zong)合利(li)用(yong)率(lv)分(fen)(fen)別為71%、74%，均比(bi)上(shang)年下(xia)(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)1個百分(fen)(fen)點，綜(zong)合利(li)用(yong)量持(chi)續提(ti)高。

污染物排(pai)放(fang)(fang)進一(yi)步降低。2018年(nian)，全國電力煙塵(chen)、二氧化(hua)硫、氮氧化(hua)物排(pai)放(fang)(fang)量(liang)分別約(yue)為21萬(wan)(wan)噸(dun)、99萬(wan)(wan)噸(dun)、96萬(wan)(wan)噸(dun)，分別比上(shang)年(nian)下降約(yue)為19.2%、17.5%、15.8%；每千(qian)(qian)瓦時(shi)火電發電量(liang)煙塵(chen)、二氧化(hua)硫、氮氧化(hua)物排(pai)放(fang)(fang)量(liang)約(yue)為0.04克(ke)(ke)(ke)、0.20克(ke)(ke)(ke)、0.19克(ke)(ke)(ke)，分別比上(shang)年(nian)下降0.02克(ke)(ke)(ke)、0.06克(ke)(ke)(ke)、0.06克(ke)(ke)(ke)。火電單位發電量(liang)廢水排(pai)放(fang)(fang)量(liang)為0.06千(qian)(qian)克(ke)(ke)(ke)/千(qian)(qian)瓦時(shi)，與(yu)上(shang)年(nian)持(chi)平。截至2018年(nian)年(nian)底(di)，達到超(chao)低排(pai)放(fang)(fang)限值的煤(mei)電機組(zu)約(yue)8.1億千(qian)(qian)瓦，約(yue)占全國煤(mei)電總裝機容量(liang)80%；東、中部地(di)區基(ji)本實現超(chao)低排(pai)放(fang)(fang)改造(zao)，河(he)南(nan)、安(an)徽、甘(gan)肅等省份提前完成(cheng)超(chao)低排(pai)放(fang)(fang)改造(zao)目標。

碳(tan)(tan)排放(fang)強度持續(xu)降(jiang)(jiang)低。2018年(nian)，全國單位(wei)火電(dian)發(fa)電(dian)量(liang)(liang)二(er)(er)氧化(hua)(hua)(hua)碳(tan)(tan)排放(fang)約(yue)(yue)為841克/千(qian)瓦時(shi)，比(bi)2005年(nian)下降(jiang)(jiang)19.4%；單位(wei)發(fa)電(dian)量(liang)(liang)二(er)(er)氧化(hua)(hua)(hua)碳(tan)(tan)排放(fang)約(yue)(yue)為592克/千(qian)瓦時(shi)，比(bi)2005年(nian)下降(jiang)(jiang)30.1%。以(yi)2005年(nian)為基準(zhun)年(nian)，2006-2018年(nian)，通過發(fa)展非化(hua)(hua)(hua)石(shi)能(neng)源(yuan)、降(jiang)(jiang)低供電(dian)煤耗(hao)和(he)線(xian)損率等措施，電(dian)力行(xing)業累計減少二(er)(er)氧化(hua)(hua)(hua)碳(tan)(tan)排放(fang)約(yue)(yue)136.8億噸，有(you)效(xiao)減緩了電(dian)力二(er)(er)氧化(hua)(hua)(hua)碳(tan)(tan)排放(fang)總量(liang)(liang)的(de)增長(chang)。其中，供電(dian)煤耗(hao)降(jiang)(jiang)低對電(dian)力行(xing)業二(er)(er)氧化(hua)(hua)(hua)碳(tan)(tan)減排貢(gong)獻率為44%，非化(hua)(hua)(hua)石(shi)能(neng)源(yuan)發(fa)展貢(gong)獻率為54%。

五是科技創新取得新進展，電力建設與運行技術水平持續提升。

2018年電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)的(de)科(ke)技(ji)創(chuang)新(xin)，有力(li)地(di)推動(dong)了(le)(le)(le)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)科(ke)技(ji)進(jin)步，踐(jian)行(xing)(xing)了(le)(le)(le)國(guo)家(jia)綠色發(fa)(fa)展戰略，顯示(shi)了(le)(le)(le)具(ju)有自(zi)主(zhu)知識產(chan)(chan)權(quan)核(he)心技(ji)術(shu)(shu)的(de)國(guo)際競(jing)爭力(li)。水(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)領域(yu)，解決了(le)(le)(le)特高(gao)拱壩工程安全風(feng)險防控(kong)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)難(nan)題，創(chuang)造了(le)(le)(le)高(gao)壩通航的(de)水(shui)力(li)式(shi)升船機(ji)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)中國(guo)品牌，掌(zhang)握了(le)(le)(le)世(shi)界(jie)領先的(de)百萬千瓦巨型水(shui)輪發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)組(zu)制造技(ji)術(shu)(shu)。火電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)領域(yu)，完(wan)成(cheng)熱電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解耦的(de)汽輪機(ji)冷(leng)端近零(ling)損失供熱關(guan)(guan)鍵(jian)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)研(yan)究及應(ying)用(yong)，天(tian)然氣(qi)分布式(shi)能源系統、IGCC的(de)燃(ran)燒前(qian)CO2捕集技(ji)術(shu)(shu)等取得(de)了(le)(le)(le)具(ju)有自(zi)主(zhu)知識產(chan)(chan)權(quan)的(de)核(he)心技(ji)術(shu)(shu)。核(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)領域(yu)，掌(zhang)握了(le)(le)(le)第(di)四代核(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)高(gao)溫氣(qi)冷(leng)堆蒸(zheng)汽發(fa)(fa)生器制造技(ji)術(shu)(shu)；新(xin)能源發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)領域(yu)，依托上海(hai)(hai)東(dong)海(hai)(hai)大(da)(da)橋海(hai)(hai)上風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)示(shi)范工程建(jian)成(cheng)我國(guo)首(shou)座大(da)(da)型海(hai)(hai)上風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場，在太(tai)陽(yang)能光熱發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)、新(xin)型高(gao)效太(tai)陽(yang)能電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池技(ji)術(shu)(shu)研(yan)究方面取得(de)重(zhong)要進(jin)展。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)領域(yu)，攻(gong)克了(le)(le)(le)復雜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)自(zi)動(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)控(kong)制的(de)世(shi)界(jie)性難(nan)題，發(fa)(fa)明了(le)(le)(le)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)大(da)(da)范圍山火災害帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)防治(zhi)關(guan)(guan)鍵(jian)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)，創(chuang)新(xin)了(le)(le)(le)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)可(ke)控(kong)融冰關(guan)(guan)鍵(jian)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)，全面攻(gong)克±1000千伏(fu)特高(gao)壓(ya)直流輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)等關(guan)(guan)鍵(jian)核(he)心技(ji)術(shu)(shu)，成(cheng)功研(yan)制世(shi)界(jie)首(shou)套特高(gao)壓(ya)GIL設備并實現批量生產(chan)(chan)。

六是標準化工作扎實推進，標準國際化取得新進展。

標(biao)(biao)準制修訂步伐進一(yi)步加快(kuai)。經(jing)批準，全年發布(bu)電(dian)力相(xiang)關標(biao)(biao)準共492項。其(qi)中(zhong)，國(guo)家(jia)標(biao)(biao)準49項，行(xing)業(ye)標(biao)(biao)準323項，行(xing)業(ye)標(biao)(biao)準英文版46項，中(zhong)電(dian)聯標(biao)(biao)準74項。

電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽車(che)(che)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)施標(biao)準國際(ji)(ji)影響力進(jin)一步提升(sheng)。中(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)聯與日本(ben)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽車(che)(che)用(yong)快速充電(dian)(dian)(dian)器協會簽署電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽車(che)(che)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)施領(ling)域技術和標(biao)準合(he)作(zuo)(zuo)諒解備忘錄(lu)，啟動(dong)中(zhong)日雙方在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽車(che)(che)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)施領(ling)域的合(he)作(zuo)(zuo)；中(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)聯牽頭編制的《電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽車(che)(che)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)漫游信息交互系(xi)列國際(ji)(ji)標(biao)準第一部分：通用(yong)要求(qiu)》（IEC63119-1）首次上升(sheng)為國際(ji)(ji)標(biao)準。

七是電力改革繼續推進，電力市場加快建設。

完成(cheng)首(shou)個周期的輸(shu)(shu)配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)價(jia)核定。2018年，在建(jian)立起覆蓋省級(ji)電(dian)(dian)網、區域(yu)(yu)電(dian)(dian)網、跨(kua)(kua)省跨(kua)(kua)區輸(shu)(shu)電(dian)(dian)工程(cheng)(cheng)、地方電(dian)(dian)網、增量配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)網的全(quan)環節輸(shu)(shu)配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)價(jia)格監(jian)管(guan)制(zhi)(zhi)度框(kuang)架基(ji)礎上，華(hua)北、東北、華(hua)東、華(hua)中、西(xi)北五大(da)區域(yu)(yu)電(dian)(dian)網首(shou)個周期的兩部制(zhi)(zhi)輸(shu)(shu)配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)價(jia)和24條跨(kua)(kua)省跨(kua)(kua)區專項(xiang)工程(cheng)(cheng)輸(shu)(shu)電(dian)(dian)價(jia)格陸續核定完畢，累計核減電(dian)(dian)網企業準許收入約600億(yi)元，促進了(le)跨(kua)(kua)省跨(kua)(kua)區電(dian)(dian)力交易。歷時4年的首(shou)個周期輸(shu)(shu)配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)定價(jia)成(cheng)本監(jian)審完畢。

超(chao)額(e)完成(cheng)一(yi)般工商(shang)業(ye)(ye)電價下降(jiang)10%任務。各(ge)方積(ji)極貫徹中央關于供給(gei)側改(gai)革(ge)的精神，具體落實(shi)全年(nian)全國降(jiang)低一(yi)般工商(shang)業(ye)(ye)電價10%的目標(biao)。通過中央財(cai)政(zheng)降(jiang)低國家重大水利工程建設(she)基(ji)金征(zheng)收標(biao)準、釋放減稅紅利，電網(wang)企業(ye)(ye)推進區域電網(wang)和跨(kua)區跨(kua)省專項輸電價改(gai)革(ge)、靈活(huo)實(shi)施兩部制電價，地(di)方政(zheng)府(fu)多渠道自籌等十項降(jiang)價清(qing)費措施，分四(si)批合計(ji)降(jiang)低用(yong)戶用(yong)電成(cheng)本1257.91億(yi)元，平均(jun)(jun)降(jiang)低0.0789元/千瓦時，全國平均(jun)(jun)降(jiang)幅達到10.11%。

不(bu)斷完善增量(liang)配(pei)電(dian)業(ye)務改革(ge)試(shi)(shi)點(dian)各項政策。通過(guo)組(zu)織督導調研，梳理前三批增量(liang)配(pei)電(dian)試(shi)(shi)點(dian)項目(mu)落地存在的(de)問題，國家發展改革(ge)委和(he)國家能源(yuan)局陸續出臺了(le)電(dian)力業(ye)務許可(ke)、配(pei)電(dian)區域劃(hua)分等方面(mian)的(de)政策文件，加快了(le)增量(liang)配(pei)電(dian)試(shi)(shi)點(dian)有序落地進(jin)程(cheng)，同(tong)時，部(bu)署(shu)了(le)第四批試(shi)(shi)點(dian)項目(mu)申報工作(zuo)。

市場交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)電(dian)量(liang)(liang)比重大(da)幅提(ti)高。2018年(nian)(nian)，全(quan)國各地市場主體參與(yu)市場的(de)數(shu)量(liang)(liang)進(jin)一步擴(kuo)大(da)，煤炭、鋼鐵、有(you)色、建材(cai)四個行業(ye)電(dian)力(li)用(yong)戶用(yong)電(dian)計劃放開(kai)，全(quan)國電(dian)力(li)市場交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)電(dian)量(liang)(liang)規(gui)模再上(shang)新臺階(jie)。全(quan)年(nian)(nian)合計交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)電(dian)量(liang)(liang)[2]20654億千瓦時(shi)，比上(shang)年(nian)(nian)增長26.5%。市場交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)電(dian)量(liang)(liang)分別占全(quan)社會用(yong)電(dian)量(liang)(liang)和(he)電(dian)網企業(ye)銷售電(dian)量(liang)(liang)比重的(de)30.2%和(he)37.1%，比上(shang)年(nian)(nian)分別提(ti)高4.3個百分點(dian)和(he)5個百分點(dian)。

電(dian)力(li)(li)(li)現貨(huo)市(shi)場(chang)建設試(shi)(shi)點(dian)(dian)穩妥推(tui)進。按照國家(jia)發(fa)展改革委、國家(jia)能(neng)源局加快(kuai)推(tui)進電(dian)力(li)(li)(li)現貨(huo)試(shi)(shi)點(dian)(dian)工作要求，2018年(nian)8月(yue)，南(nan)方(fang)(以廣東起步)電(dian)力(li)(li)(li)現貨(huo)市(shi)場(chang)啟動試(shi)(shi)運行，成(cheng)為全國首個投入試(shi)(shi)運行的電(dian)力(li)(li)(li)現貨(huo)市(shi)場(chang)。為推(tui)動電(dian)力(li)(li)(li)現貨(huo)市(shi)場(chang)建設試(shi)(shi)點(dian)(dian)盡快(kuai)取得(de)實(shi)質(zhi)性突破，國家(jia)發(fa)展改革委、能(neng)源局建立(li)了對(dui)8個試(shi)(shi)點(dian)(dian)的聯系協(xie)調機制，甘肅(su)、山西電(dian)力(li)(li)(li)現貨(huo)市(shi)場(chang)于12月(yue)啟動試(shi)(shi)運行。

八是電力企業資產總額增速回落，負債率同比降低。

資(zi)產(chan)(chan)總(zong)額(e)(e)(e)增(zeng)速降(jiang)(jiang)低。根據國(guo)家統計(ji)局統計(ji)，截(jie)至2018年(nian)年(nian)底，全國(guo)規模以上(shang)(shang)電(dian)力(li)企(qi)業(ye)資(zi)產(chan)(chan)總(zong)額(e)(e)(e)140408億元，比上(shang)(shang)年(nian)增(zeng)長2.7%，增(zeng)速比上(shang)(shang)年(nian)下降(jiang)(jiang)1.8個百分點。其(qi)中，電(dian)力(li)供應企(qi)業(ye)資(zi)產(chan)(chan)總(zong)額(e)(e)(e)比上(shang)(shang)年(nian)增(zeng)長4.2%；發電(dian)企(qi)業(ye)資(zi)產(chan)(chan)總(zong)額(e)(e)(e)比上(shang)(shang)年(nian)增(zeng)長1.5%（其(qi)中，火電(dian)企(qi)業(ye)資(zi)產(chan)(chan)總(zong)額(e)(e)(e)比上(shang)(shang)年(nian)下降(jiang)(jiang)1.8%）。

企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)負(fu)(fu)債(zhai)率(lv)(lv)下(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)。規模以上(shang)電力企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)資(zi)(zi)產(chan)負(fu)(fu)債(zhai)率(lv)(lv)60.2%，比上(shang)年下(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)1.1個(ge)百(bai)分(fen)點。其中，電力供應企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)資(zi)(zi)產(chan)負(fu)(fu)債(zhai)率(lv)(lv)比上(shang)年下(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)1.6個(ge)百(bai)分(fen)點，發(fa)電企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)資(zi)(zi)產(chan)負(fu)(fu)債(zhai)率(lv)(lv)比上(shang)年下(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)0.6個(ge)百(bai)分(fen)點。發(fa)電企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)資(zi)(zi)產(chan)負(fu)(fu)債(zhai)率(lv)(lv)降(jiang)(jiang)低主(zhu)要是太陽能發(fa)電、風電、水電、核電企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)資(zi)(zi)產(chan)負(fu)(fu)債(zhai)率(lv)(lv)分(fen)別(bie)下(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)1.5、1.4、1.3和0.9個(ge)百(bai)分(fen)點，火(huo)電企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)資(zi)(zi)產(chan)負(fu)(fu)債(zhai)率(lv)(lv)與上(shang)年持平。

電力供應企(qi)(qi)業(ye)利(li)潤(run)下降(jiang)。規模以上(shang)(shang)電力企(qi)(qi)業(ye)利(li)潤(run)總額(e)3231億元(yuan)，比上(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)增長(chang)3.1%。其(qi)中，電力供應企(qi)(qi)業(ye)貫徹落實(shi)(shi)2018年(nian)(nian)政府工(gong)作報告中提出的一般工(gong)商(shang)業(ye)電價(jia)平均降(jiang)低10%要求，向用(yong)電企(qi)(qi)業(ye)讓利(li)后，利(li)潤(run)比上(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)下降(jiang)24.3%。在(zai)上(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)基數低以及發(fa)(fa)電量較(jiao)快增長(chang)的拉動下，發(fa)(fa)電企(qi)(qi)業(ye)實(shi)(shi)現(xian)利(li)潤(run)總額(e)2210億元(yuan)，比上(shang)(shang)年(nian)(nian)增長(chang)23.8%。其(qi)中，火力發(fa)(fa)電企(qi)(qi)業(ye)實(shi)(shi)現(xian)利(li)潤(run)323億元(yuan)，但虧損面(mian)仍然較(jiao)高（為43.8%）；風(feng)電、太陽能(neng)發(fa)(fa)電和(he)核電利(li)潤(run)增速均超(chao)過20.0%，但風(feng)電、太陽能(neng)發(fa)(fa)電由(you)于補貼(tie)不及時到(dao)位，企(qi)(qi)業(ye)賬面(mian)利(li)潤(run)短期內難(nan)(nan)以轉化為實(shi)(shi)際資金流,導致資金周轉困難(nan)(nan)。

九是全球能源互聯網加快推進，“一帶一路”電力合作呈現新亮點。

積極開展“一(yi)(yi)(yi)帶一(yi)(yi)(yi)路”合(he)作(zuo)。2018年(nian)，我國主要電力企業(ye)參與“一(yi)(yi)(yi)帶一(yi)(yi)(yi)路”國際合(he)作(zuo)實際完(wan)成投資(zi)約28億(yi)美元，涉(she)及沿線亞(ya)洲(zhou)和(he)歐洲(zhou)8個國家(jia)(jia)，直接創造6700個當地就業(ye)崗位。新(xin)簽工程承包(bao)合(he)同(tong)(tong)項目共128個，涉(she)及沿線30個國家(jia)(jia)地區，合(he)同(tong)(tong)金(jin)額255.5億(yi)美元。為保障“一(yi)(yi)(yi)帶一(yi)(yi)(yi)路”建設順利實施，各(ge)電力企業(ye)不斷創新(xin)“一(yi)(yi)(yi)帶一(yi)(yi)(yi)路”建設合(he)作(zuo)機制，與相(xiang)關國家(jia)(jia)或地區磋商建立共同(tong)(tong)的投資(zi)風險防范體系。

全球能源互聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)加(jia)快推進。2018年(nian)(nian)，全球能源互聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)合(he)作(zuo)組織會(hui)員數(shu)量和覆蓋國(guo)(guo)(guo)別大幅(fu)提升，全年(nian)(nian)新增會(hui)員242家(jia)(jia)(jia)，新增國(guo)(guo)(guo)別40個，會(hui)員總數(shu)達(da)到(dao)602家(jia)(jia)(jia)、覆蓋85個國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)（地區）；組建(jian)了全球能源互聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)大學聯(lian)(lian)盟(meng)(meng)和智庫聯(lian)(lian)盟(meng)(meng)，并搭建(jian)了共商發(fa)(fa)展的合(he)作(zuo)新平臺；與幾內亞政(zheng)府(fu)共同(tong)倡議成立非(fei)洲(zhou)能源互聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)可(ke)持續(xu)發(fa)(fa)展聯(lian)(lian)盟(meng)(meng)；與聯(lian)(lian)合(he)國(guo)(guo)(guo)氣(qi)候變化公約秘書處、拉丁(ding)美洲(zhou)和加(jia)勒(le)比經濟(ji)委員會(hui)、非(fei)洲(zhou)經濟(ji)委員會(hui)，埃塞俄比亞、剛果（金）、幾內亞等國(guo)(guo)(guo)政(zheng)府(fu)，以(yi)及有關組織、機(ji)構、企(qi)業、高校新簽15項合(he)作(zuo)協議；大力推動我國(guo)(guo)(guo)與周邊(bian)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)及“一帶一路”沿線國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)電(dian)網(wang)(wang)互聯(lian)(lian)，中(zhong)(zhong)緬孟聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)項目(mu)成立政(zheng)府(fu)間聯(lian)(lian)合(he)工作(zuo)組，中(zhong)(zhong)韓聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)項目(mu)完成預(yu)可(ke)研(yan)，海(hai)灣國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)與東非(fei)聯(lian)(lian)網(wang)(wang)項目(mu)簽署三方合(he)作(zuo)協議。

《行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)報告(gao)2019》同時(shi)指出，2018年(nian)，我國電(dian)(dian)力(li)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)在取得卓越成(cheng)績的(de)同時(shi)，多年(nian)來積(ji)累的(de)一(yi)些(xie)深層次問題依然存在。在發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)上(shang)(shang)，電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)與(yu)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)、交流(liu)與(yu)直流(liu)、輸電(dian)(dian)與(yu)配電(dian)(dian)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)不協調等問題突出；清潔能(neng)源(yuan)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)長期面臨棄水、棄風、棄光等挑戰，嚴重制約電(dian)(dian)力(li)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)(ye)安(an)全(quan)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)、清潔發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)和(he)高質量發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)；煤(mei)電(dian)(dian)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)面臨的(de)碳減排(pai)和(he)污染防治任(ren)務(wu)艱巨(ju)。在改革創新上(shang)(shang)，國企“放(fang)管服”改革滯后于(yu)市場(chang)化建設(she)進程(cheng)，不利于(yu)能(neng)源(yuan)生產消費新業(ye)(ye)(ye)態投資與(yu)運(yun)營的(de)創新發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)。在經營上(shang)(shang)，受宏觀經濟、電(dian)(dian)價(jia)政(zheng)策、環境治理等影響，電(dian)(dian)力(li)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)經營形勢依然嚴峻。

《行業發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)報告2019》建(jian)議，電(dian)(dian)(dian)力行業要堅(jian)持以習近平新時代中國特(te)色(se)社(she)會主義(yi)思想為(wei)指導(dao)，繼(ji)續加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)(kuai)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)綠色(se)低碳(tan)轉(zhuan)型發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)，推動(dong)實施清潔(jie)(jie)替代和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)替代，大幅提(ti)高電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣化水(shui)平，打造(zao)綠色(se)低碳(tan)、互聯互通、共建(jian)共享的能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)共同體。加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)(kuai)清潔(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)大規(gui)模開(kai)發(fa)(fa)和(he)高效(xiao)利用。切(qie)實解決好(hao)開(kai)發(fa)(fa)和(he)消納(na)問(wen)題，加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)(kuai)大型清潔(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)基地開(kai)發(fa)(fa)，堅(jian)持集中式和(he)分布式并舉開(kai)發(fa)(fa)清潔(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)，依托大電(dian)(dian)(dian)網實現分布式電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)高效(xiao)利用。積極推進煤電(dian)(dian)(dian)轉(zhuan)型發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)。嚴控新增煤電(dian)(dian)(dian)規(gui)模，優化煤電(dian)(dian)(dian)布局，提(ti)高煤電(dian)(dian)(dian)調節能(neng)(neng)力。

繼續(xu)推(tui)(tui)進電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)轉型(xing)發展和(he)創新。圍繞(rao)能(neng)源轉型(xing)，找準(zhun)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)發展方(fang)向(xiang)，盡快實現主營(ying)(ying)業(ye)務(wu)向(xiang)清潔低碳領域轉型(xing)，實現發展從粗放向(xiang)精(jing)(jing)益轉變(bian)，繼續(xu)提升精(jing)(jing)益化管理水平，加大力(li)度拓展國際市場，積極推(tui)(tui)進技(ji)術裝(zhuang)備和(he)商業(ye)模式創新，推(tui)(tui)動傳統電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)拓展綜合能(neng)源服務(wu)業(ye)務(wu)。著力(li)解決(jue)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)經(jing)營(ying)(ying)困境(jing)防范市場風險。做好電(dian)(dian)(dian)煤含稅基準(zhun)價(jia)(jia)調整、燃料保(bao)供(gong)、穩定電(dian)(dian)(dian)煤價(jia)(jia)格、電(dian)(dian)(dian)煤中(zhong)長協履(lv)約監(jian)督等工作，緩解發電(dian)(dian)(dian)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)經(jing)營(ying)(ying)困境(jing)。