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建立電(dian)力(li)交易(yi)現貨(huo)(huo)市(shi)場(chang)、開展省間交易(yi)，是擴大直接交易(yi)規模、促進清(qing)潔能源(yuan)(yuan)消納的重(zhong)要舉(ju)措(cuo)，有利于充分發揮(hui)市(shi)場(chang)在優化(hua)資源(yuan)(yuan)配置(zhi)中的決定性作用(yong)。2018年12月27日，山西(xi)、甘肅電(dian)力(li)現貨(huo)(huo)市(shi)場(chang)試運行正式啟動，標志著山西(xi)電(dian)力(li)市(shi)場(chang)化(hua)改革邁入嶄新發展階段。

山(shan)西(xi)省(sheng)是(shi)(shi)全國首批(pi)電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)體(ti)制改革(ge)綜合(he)(he)試點(dian)省(sheng)份，也(ye)是(shi)(shi)國網區域內(nei)(nei)首批(pi)電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)現(xian)貨(huo)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)試點(dian)省(sheng)份。山(shan)西(xi)電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)現(xian)貨(huo)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)建(jian)設方案充分適應(ying)山(shan)西(xi)電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)稟賦，構建(jian)“集中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)式”市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)模(mo)式，結合(he)(he)省(sheng)內(nei)(nei)燃煤機組(zu)、供熱機組(zu)、清潔(jie)能源(yuan)(yuan)比例高的(de)特(te)性(xing)，設計(ji)11類(lei)交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)品種(zhong)，形(xing)成發電(dian)(dian)側競(jing)爭、用戶側參(can)與、統(tong)一平衡的(de)現(xian)貨(huo)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)。關于電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)長期(qi)交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)和現(xian)貨(huo)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)概念，業內(nei)(nei)人(ren)士介紹：電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)長期(qi)交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)就是(shi)(shi)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)主體(ti)通過雙邊協商、集中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)競(jing)價、掛牌交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)等(deng)方式開展的(de)多年(nian)(nian)、年(nian)(nian)、季、月及月內(nei)(nei)多日(ri)的(de)電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)。這也(ye)是(shi)(shi)目前電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)最(zui)(zui)常(chang)見的(de)一種(zhong)，大用戶直(zhi)購電(dian)(dian)就是(shi)(shi)供需(xu)雙方談判的(de)結果。簡單地說，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)長期(qi)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)是(shi)(shi)“談”成的(de)，有利于電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)供應(ying)的(de)穩定。然而(er)(er)，電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)現(xian)貨(huo)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)卻更(geng)加靈活，所有市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)主體(ti)在一個平臺上競(jing)價買(mai)賣，由交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)規(gui)則進行最(zui)(zui)低價、最(zui)(zui)優質(zhi)撮合(he)(he)，可(ke)以(yi)極(ji)大調(diao)動交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)雙方積極(ji)性(xing)。而(er)(er)清潔(jie)能源(yuan)(yuan)優先交(jiao)易(yi)(yi)的(de)規(gui)則也(ye)為其健康發展營造了良好的(de)環境。現(xian)貨(huo)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)是(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)長期(qi)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)完善和補充，也(ye)是(shi)(shi)一個市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)配置優化不可(ke)或缺的(de)要素。

山(shan)西電(dian)(dian)力(li)現(xian)(xian)貨(huo)(huo)(huo)市(shi)場(chang)建設方(fang)案提出了“全(quan)電(dian)(dian)力(li)優(you)(you)(you)化(hua)、新(xin)能源優(you)(you)(you)先(xian)”的現(xian)(xian)貨(huo)(huo)(huo)市(shi)場(chang)模式，實(shi)現(xian)(xian)了中(zhong)長期交(jiao)易(yi)到(dao)(dao)現(xian)(xian)貨(huo)(huo)(huo)交(jiao)易(yi)的全(quan)周期覆蓋。按照方(fang)案，全(quan)部火電(dian)(dian)機(ji)組(zu)和新(xin)能源機(ji)組(zu)進(jin)入市(shi)場(chang)，新(xin)能源機(ji)組(zu)優(you)(you)(you)先(xian)安(an)排發電(dian)(dian)，優(you)(you)(you)先(xian)保障消納，最大程度釋放電(dian)(dian)力(li)優(you)(you)(you)化(hua)空間。據(ju)初(chu)步(bu)統計，2018年發電(dian)(dian)量突破(po)3000億(yi)千(qian)瓦(wa)時，風光發電(dian)(dian)量超(chao)過(guo)300億(yi)千(qian)瓦(wa)時，清潔能源發展將(jiang)得(de)到(dao)(dao)更大的空間。方(fang)案以中(zhong)長期合約(yue)規避風險，以現(xian)(xian)貨(huo)(huo)(huo)交(jiao)易(yi)發現(xian)(xian)價(jia)格，提升電(dian)(dian)力(li)調度運行靈活性(xing)，拓展電(dian)(dian)力(li)外(wai)送空間、優(you)(you)(you)化(hua)省(sheng)內電(dian)(dian)力(li)供應。2015年以來，我省(sheng)累計外(wai)送電(dian)(dian)量超(chao)過(guo)3000億(yi)千(qian)瓦(wa)時，年均增長近9%，現(xian)(xian)貨(huo)(huo)(huo)市(shi)場(chang)投運將(jiang)加(jia)快特高壓晉電(dian)(dian)外(wai)送融入全(quan)國(guo)市(shi)場(chang)。

據(ju)悉，下一步山西電(dian)(dian)力(li)現貨市(shi)場(chang)試(shi)(shi)運行(xing)將按模擬(ni)、不結算(suan)(suan)、結算(suan)(suan)三個階段試(shi)(shi)運行(xing)，充分(fen)驗證(zheng)方案(an)和規則的(de)匹配性，為構建(jian)全國統(tong)一電(dian)(dian)力(li)現貨市(shi)場(chang)發揮先行(xing)先試(shi)(shi)作用。