今年,北京電網負荷雖然連續4次創歷史新高,但電網整體運行平穩。這與國網北京市電力公司從電網規劃、設計、建設、運營、服務等全方位打造智能電網不無關系。北京電力致力于打造世界一流能源互聯網企業,創新應用國內首套“一體雙核”配電自動化系統、智能巡檢裝備、智能服務平臺等先進技術,首都核心區、城市副中心核心區等重點區域范圍電網實現精準運維管控,供電可靠性超過99.9999%。
眾所周知(zhi),智(zhi)慧城(cheng)市的高效運轉離不(bu)開智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)網(wang)(wang),智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)網(wang)(wang)可謂智(zhi)慧城(cheng)市的“主動脈”。隨著近幾年北(bei)京智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)網(wang)(wang)的不(bu)斷建設完善(shan),國(guo)網(wang)(wang)北(bei)京電(dian)力已(yi)率先建成世界最高標準智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)網(wang)(wang)示范。
打造世界高端智能配電網示范
北京(jing)城市副中(zhong)心(xin)示范工程幾乎涵蓋了(le)北京(jing)電(dian)力(li)智能配(pei)電(dian)網的方(fang)方(fang)面面,世界一流高端智能配(pei)電(dian)網在城市副中(zhong)心(xin)拔地(di)而(er)起。
為保(bao)障北(bei)京城市副中心行政辦公(gong)區今年(nian)能順利搬遷,電(dian)(dian)網配套工(gong)程早已提前(qian)完工(gong),這是目前(qian)我(wo)國最先進的智能城市配電(dian)(dian)網。北(bei)京電(dian)(dian)力采用(yong)的先進供(gong)電(dian)(dian)方式保(bao)證每(mei)個(ge)開關(guan)站有來(lai)自3個(ge)不(bu)同方向的電(dian)(dian)源,供(gong)電(dian)(dian)可(ke)靠性超過新加坡和巴黎(li)兩(liang)個(ge)城市,供(gong)電(dian)(dian)可(ke)靠率達99.9999%,年(nian)均停電(dian)(dian)時間可(ke)小于(yu)21秒。
國網(wang)北(bei)京電力(li)(li)副總經(jing)理賴祥生向記者表示:“不到兩年半時間(jian),北(bei)京電力(li)(li)提前(qian)完成了含主(zhu)配(pei)(pei)網(wang)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)、電力(li)(li)遷改在(zai)內的(de)(de)(de)全部(bu)配(pei)(pei)套(tao)電力(li)(li)設(she)(she)(she)施建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)任務,在(zai)北(bei)京城市副中心示范區打(da)造了世界(jie)一流網(wang)架(jia)結構,選(xuan)用了世界(jie)一流的(de)(de)(de)高端設(she)(she)(she)備,建(jian)成了創新應用10余(yu)項國際頂尖電網(wang)技術的(de)(de)(de)世界(jie)一流高端智(zhi)能配(pei)(pei)電網(wang)示范區。”
以北京城市(shi)副(fu)中心行政辦(ban)公(gong)核心區(qu)的(de)地下綜合管(guan)(guan)廊(lang)為例,這里集合了水、氣(qi)(qi)、電(dian)、熱(re)等市(shi)政管(guan)(guan)線,電(dian)力(li)艙是其中一部分(fen)。“電(dian)力(li)艙的(de)結(jie)構經(jing)過特殊(shu)設計,使用年限(xian)可達100年;電(dian)力(li)艙里配置了自(zi)主研發的(de)、具有世界先進水平的(de)載人巡(xun)(xun)檢(jian)設備(bei),徹底解決搶修物(wu)資運(yun)輸困難、電(dian)力(li)艙人工(gong)巡(xun)(xun)檢(jian)勞動強度大等問題;每條管(guan)(guan)廊(lang)均配置巡(xun)(xun)檢(jian)及滅(mie)火機(ji)器人,巡(xun)(xun)檢(jian)機(ji)器人具備(bei)紅外測(ce)(ce)溫、可見光(guang)視(shi)頻(pin)實時監控、有毒氣(qi)(qi)體超(chao)限(xian)報(bao)警(jing)等運(yun)行情況及環境情況實時監測(ce)(ce)功能。”國網北京通(tong)州供(gong)電(dian)公(gong)司副(fu)總經(jing)理尚博介(jie)紹。
去年全面啟動的北京(jing)新機(ji)場(chang)(chang)(chang)配套電(dian)網建(jian)(jian)設(she)工(gong)程更是突出了“智慧工(gong)地、綠色工(gong)地”的理(li)念。以(yi)新機(ji)場(chang)(chang)(chang)內張華變電(dian)站建(jian)(jian)設(she)為例,在輸變電(dian)設(she)備選型、建(jian)(jian)設(she)安裝、工(gong)程管(guan)控等多個(ge)環(huan)節(jie)(jie)都采用(yong)國內最先進(jin)(jin)技術(shu)。北京(jing)電(dian)力引(yin)入(ru)了變電(dian)站主體裝配式(shi)鋼結構設(she)計(ji)建(jian)(jian)設(she),依據變電(dian)站設(she)計(ji)方(fang)案,從工(gong)廠(chang)生(sheng)產主體鋼結構,運(yun)輸到現(xian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)進(jin)(jin)行拼裝,與普通混凝土結構安裝相比,可(ke)(ke)節(jie)(jie)省近2個(ge)月建(jian)(jian)設(she)周(zhou)期,并大(da)大(da)降(jiang)低現(xian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)揚塵。同時,在電(dian)力行業首(shou)創“智慧工(gong)地”管(guan)理(li)手(shou)段也應用(yong)在張華變電(dian)站施(shi)工(gong)建(jian)(jian)設(she)中,通過可(ke)(ke)視(shi)化、信息化、移動互聯網等先進(jin)(jin)技術(shu)手(shou)段,智能(neng)管(guan)控施(shi)工(gong)進(jin)(jin)度(du)。譬如(ru),可(ke)(ke)以(yi)通過“視(shi)頻監(jian)控模塊”,實時跟蹤施(shi)工(gong)現(xian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)作業動態、安全措施(shi)落實、腳手(shou)架搭設(she)等重(zhong)點環(huan)節(jie)(jie),保證關(guan)鍵節(jie)(jie)點施(shi)工(gong)質量。
“我們充分利(li)用‘互聯網(wang)+’技(ji)術(shu),陸續投運了(le)圖像智能(neng)識別(bie)技(ji)術(shu)的輸變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)智能(neng)防(fang)控系統、智慧工(gong)地系統,目(mu)前已(yi)覆蓋了(le)北(bei)京42座變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站、平原(yuan)地區(qu)全部輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)路和全部在施的工(gong)程(cheng)現場(chang)。”國(guo)網(wang)北(bei)京電(dian)(dian)(dian)力建設(she)部主(zhu)任蔡紅(hong)軍介紹。
在2022年冬(dong)(dong)奧會配套電網建(jian)設中,世(shi)界(jie)上電壓(ya)等級最高、輸送(song)容(rong)量最大的張北可(ke)再生能(neng)源柔性(xing)直流電網試驗示(shi)范工(gong)程正在如(ru)火如(ru)荼(tu)建(jian)設,該工(gong)程建(jian)成后將實(shi)現張家口地區的風電、太陽(yang)能(neng)等清潔(jie)能(neng)源送(song)入(ru)北京北部(bu)電網,對于推動(dong)能(neng)源轉型(xing)與綠色發展(zhan)、踐行服(fu)務北京低碳(tan)綠色冬(dong)(dong)奧會等具有顯著的綜合效益和戰略意(yi)義(yi)。
首都核心區供電可靠率將達99.9999%
2014年(nian)(nian),2017年(nian)(nian),習近平總書(shu)記兩次視察北京(jing),明確(que)了北京(jing)建設國際一流和(he)諧宜(yi)居之都(dou)的奮斗目(mu)標(biao),強調要著力提(ti)升(sheng)首都(dou)核(he)心(xin)(xin)功能。2015年(nian)(nian),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)審(shen)議通過《京(jing)津冀(ji)協同(tong)發(fa)展(zhan)綱要》。2017年(nian)(nian),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)、國務院正式批復了《北京(jing)城市(shi)(shi)總體(ti)規劃(2016年(nian)(nian)-2035年(nian)(nian))》,進(jin)一步(bu)確(que)立(li)了全國政(zheng)治中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)、文化(hua)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)、國際交往中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)、科技創新中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)“四個中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)”的首都(dou)城市(shi)(shi)戰略定(ding)位。
大發展、大變革、大提升(sheng),北(bei)京(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)迎來(lai)重要戰略機遇期。北(bei)京(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)是(shi)典型的城市受端電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang),70%左(zuo)右電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力來(lai)自外(wai)(wai)送,為提升(sheng)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)力,“十三五”期間,北(bei)京(jing)(jing)將依托國家電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)公司特高壓規劃,新建“東(dong)、南、西、北(bei)”四個方向7個外(wai)(wai)受電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)通道,全(quan)部建成(cheng)后北(bei)京(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)外(wai)(wai)受電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)力將在原有的基礎上增(zeng)加一倍。
如何保障北京如此多的電網設備安全(quan)可靠運行,如何保障綠色優(you)質電能傳遞(di)至千家萬戶?加速北京電網智能化水平是(shi)根本(ben)出路。
“智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)具有提高能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源效率、減少對環境(jing)的(de)影(ying)響、提高供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)安全性和可靠性、減少電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)損耗等(deng)多個優點。北京電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)化(hua)建(jian)(jian)設(she)起(qi)步(bu)于(yu)90年(nian)代,最(zui)(zui)開(kai)始(shi)是在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)輸變電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)備(bei)方(fang)面(mian),開(kai)發應用(yong)了調度自動(dong)化(hua)、輸變電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)備(bei)自動(dong)化(hua)系統(tong);2000年(nian),北京電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)開(kai)始(shi)提升配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)化(hua)水(shui)平,陸續在配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)應用(yong)自動(dong)化(hua)設(she)備(bei);到2016年(nian),我們(men)(men)制(zhi)定了智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)建(jian)(jian)設(she)的(de)三(san)年(nian)發展戰(zhan)略,加快對配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)的(de)全面(mian)升級改造;今年(nian),我們(men)(men)建(jian)(jian)成了目前國(guo)內信息處理(li)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)最(zui)(zui)強的(de)‘一體雙核’配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)自動(dong)化(hua)系統(tong),投(tou)運(yun)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)自動(dong)化(hua)終端4.5萬臺,全面(mian)支撐配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)調控運(yun)行、生產運(yun)維管(guan)理(li)、狀態檢修、缺陷及隱患分析(xi)等(deng)業務開(kai)展。”國(guo)網(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)北京電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)副總經理(li)劉潤生介紹。
在北京電力(li)“一體雙核”模式運行(xing)下(xia),如果某條供電線路發生故障(zhang),系統能夠(gou)立(li)即定(ding)位(wei)故障(zhang)區段,通過(guo)秒級的(de)運算過(guo)程,計算出最(zui)佳解(jie)決方案,遠程處理(li)故障(zhang),快速恢(hui)復供電,相比(bi)過(guo)去(qu)人(ren)工排(pai)查的(de)方式,效率提高了(le)幾(ji)十甚至上百倍。
而從去年(nian)開始,北京市四環內及各區(qu)縣城(cheng)區(qu)配(pei)電(dian)自(zi)(zi)動(dong)化(hua)覆蓋率(lv)100%,2018年(nian)年(nian)底前,將實現全市區(qu)域配(pei)電(dian)自(zi)(zi)動(dong)化(hua)覆蓋率(lv)100%、功能(neng)(neng)投(tou)入(ru)率(lv)100%。也(ye)就是說,北京城(cheng)區(qu)配(pei)電(dian)網一旦發(fa)生故(gu)障(zhang)可智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)“自(zi)(zi)愈”,整(zheng)個過(guo)程不(bu)需要人工干預(yu),全部由(you)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)系統自(zi)(zi)動(dong)完成,故(gu)障(zhang)平均處置時(shi)間也(ye)由(you)以(yi)往(wang)的小時(shi)級(ji)提升至分鐘級(ji)。到2020年(nian),首都核(he)心區(qu)供電(dian)比肩(jian)世界(jie)先進水平,可靠率(lv)將達到99.9999%。
僅今年汛期以來,北京電(dian)力積極開展(zhan)智能電(dian)網信息(xi)融(rong)合探索,自(zi)主研發的(de)電(dian)網氣象(xiang)災害精準預(yu)警系統就已(yi)(yi)成功預(yu)測積水、山洪、雷電(dian)、大(da)風、冰雹等(deng)極端天(tian)氣198次,累計(ji)對336座變電(dian)站,896條輸電(dian)線路發布預(yu)警清單,預(yu)警預(yu)測效果已(yi)(yi)達到國(guo)際領先(xian)水平。
國(guo)網(wang)北京電力(li)安全監察質量部(bu)應急管理處處長(chang)仇晉介(jie)紹(shao),通過衛星、雷達、氣(qi)象站(zhan)等多源數據分析,實現精(jing)準預(yu)報(bao)預(yu)警的先(xian)進技術,在(zai)時間維度上可以按照提前4小時至72小時發布預(yu)警,在(zai)地理上可以精(jing)細(xi)到1千米網(wang)格,對(dui)北京電網(wang)所屬(shu)的500余座變電站(zhan)及2萬余座線路桿(gan)(gan)塔,實現“精(jing)確到一棵電桿(gan)(gan)”的天氣(qi)預(yu)報(bao)及災害預(yu)警。
智能平臺提升“惠民”服務
建設國際一(yi)流電(dian)網,其(qi)中包(bao)括兩個(ge)概念:一(yi)是電(dian)網堅(jian)強,二是客戶(hu)體(ti)驗。北(bei)京電(dian)力(li)除了電(dian)網建設、運營(ying)處(chu)處(chu)體(ti)現(xian)(xian)智能外,其(qi)高標準智能電(dian)網示范還(huan)體(ti)現(xian)(xian)在電(dian)力(li)營(ying)銷服(fu)務方面。
近(jin)年(nian)來,北京電力新推出的“互聯(lian)網(wang)+電力營銷服務(wu)(wu)”智能互動平臺,標志著北京地區(qu)電力服務(wu)(wu)從線下向線上全面升級,市民(min)在申請購(gou)電、報修、報裝等電力業務(wu)(wu)時均(jun)可登(deng)陸“掌上電力”APP等平臺實現在線辦(ban)理。
據(ju)悉,截(jie)止(zhi)目(mu)(mu)前,國網(wang)(wang)北(bei)(bei)京(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力已(yi)(yi)完成了(le)北(bei)(bei)京(jing)(jing)833萬具智能(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)表的免費更換工作,在此(ci)基礎上為全(quan)面提升(sheng)客戶購(gou)(gou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)服(fu)務體驗,北(bei)(bei)京(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力構建了(le)“互聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)+購(gou)(gou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)”服(fu)務平臺,居民足不(bu)出戶,就(jiu)可以通過“掌上電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力”APP、微信、支付寶等多種網(wang)(wang)絡渠道便捷購(gou)(gou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。北(bei)(bei)京(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力搭建的“實(shi)體收(shou)費網(wang)(wang)點(dian)”與“電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子化(hua)收(shou)費渠道”互補的交費模(mo)式,實(shi)現了(le)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力營業廳(ting)、銀行(xing)柜(ju)臺、自助終端、網(wang)(wang)上銀行(xing)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)費充(chong)值卡、有線電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)視、支付寶7類交費渠道。目(mu)(mu)前,北(bei)(bei)京(jing)(jing)市全(quan)市購(gou)(gou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)點(dian)已(yi)(yi)拓展至2萬余個,城鎮(zhen)地區(qu)基本實(shi)現“十分鐘交費圈(quan)”。
“北京的(de)改革舉措在(zai)獲得電力指標(biao)(biao)評價體系中已(yi)經達到了前沿指標(biao)(biao)水(shui)平(ping),有些(xie)改革舉措甚至超過了前沿指標(biao)(biao)。”不久(jiu)前,前來中國(guo)進(jin)行(xing)營商環境數(shu)據采樣的(de)世界(jie)銀行(xing)集團全球(qiu)指標(biao)(biao)與分析局代理局長麗塔(ta)·拉馬略女(nv)士表(biao)示。
據了(le)解,北(bei)京電(dian)力(li)智能系統的應用還惠及(ji)數千(qian)小(xiao)微(wei)(wei)企(qi)業。北(bei)京電(dian)力(li)在全國實現(xian)了(le)“三(san)個率先(xian)”,即率先(xian)將世行調研對象與國務院扶持小(xiao)微(wei)(wei)企(qi)業政策(ce)相結合,率先(xian)將低壓接(jie)(jie)電(dian)容(rong)量由(you)100千(qian)瓦提(ti)(ti)升至(zhi)160千(qian)瓦,率先(xian)推(tui)出(chu)小(xiao)微(wei)(wei)企(qi)業低壓接(jie)(jie)電(dian)“三(san)零(ling)”服務(零(ling)上門、零(ling)審批、零(ling)投資)。截至(zhi)8月底,已為9598戶小(xiao)微(wei)(wei)企(qi)業提(ti)(ti)供“三(san)零(ling)”服務,接(jie)(jie)電(dian)環節(jie)(jie)由(you)6個壓縮至(zhi)2個,平(ping)均接(jie)(jie)電(dian)時長由(you)141天降低至(zhi)5.09天,累計為客戶節(jie)(jie)約投資3.01億元。
而為客(ke)戶提供“一次(ci)都(dou)不(bu)跑”的服(fu)務背后(hou)(hou),正是依(yi)托(tuo)北(bei)京(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)互聯網(wang)的高科技手段,以及強大(da)的后(hou)(hou)臺數(shu)據支撐。“針(zhen)對‘三零’服(fu)務,我們提出‘零距離’的概念,客(ke)戶‘一次(ci)都(dou)不(bu)跑’,用電(dian)(dian)(dian)報裝、繳費、報修(xiu),在(zai)掌上(shang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)APP上(shang)均(jun)可(ke)完成。在(zai)后(hou)(hou)臺,我們開發應用PMS系(xi)統、營銷信(xin)息(xi)系(xi)統、勘察(cha)設計一體化系(xi)統、供電(dian)(dian)(dian)服(fu)務指揮平(ping)臺等(deng)大(da)數(shu)據處理(li)分析(xi)手段,全面實現全線上(shang)業務辦理(li),大(da)大(da)減少客(ke)戶辦理(li)業務時長。”國網(wang)北(bei)京(jing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)營銷部(bu)副主任魏妍萍介紹。
國網北(bei)京經(jing)研院黨委書記夏泉(quan)表(biao)示:“隨著近(jin)幾年一批(pi)北(bei)京智能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)網重大項目(mu)建設投產(chan),智能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)網的優勢已被充(chong)分(fen)凸顯,目(mu)前,以(yi)信(xin)息通信(xin)平臺為支撐,以(yi)智能(neng)(neng)控制為手段(duan),包含輸電(dian)(dian)、變電(dian)(dian)、配(pei)電(dian)(dian)、用電(dian)(dian)和調度各環節的北(bei)京現代智能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)網已經(jing)初(chu)步建成。未來智能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)網將朝著更加(jia)智慧化(hua)的方向(xiang)不斷(duan)探索和發展。”
劉潤生對(dui)記者表示,隨(sui)著(zhu)物(wu)聯網(wang)和云技術等新(xin)一代信息技術的飛(fei)速發展,未來(lai)北京(jing)電(dian)網(wang)將在設(she)備互(hu)聯互(hu)通、狀(zhuang)態感知、信息交互(hu)方面加速人工(gong)智能技術應(ying)用。而對(dui)于電(dian)網(wang)企業來(lai)說,更有效地(di)優化資產(chan)配置、提高運維效率、自(zi)動優化控制,獲得用戶良好體驗(yan),是智能電(dian)網(wang)由量變到(dao)質變的飛(fei)躍。